緊急救援烏克蘭：援助受軍事衝突影響的社區UKR221

在逐漸盤算佈局後，2022年2月24日，俄羅斯於烏克蘭發動軍事行動，此舉嚴重破壞安全局勢。武裝暴力迅速增溫，包括首都基輔在內，至少八個州以及早已受到衝突影響的東部頓內次克州與盧干斯卡州皆遭受波及。

緊迫的軍事行動造成人員傷亡，人民大規模逃離，流散全國各地及鄰國，基礎建設與居民住宅也因衝突遭受嚴重損壞。烏克蘭遂實施戒嚴，限制人民行動，16~80歲的烏克蘭男性禁止離開該國。所有民防、平民保護機構與執法單位都涉入與俄羅斯交戰。

公部門負責的水、電、暖氣及緊急醫療與社會服務承受嚴竣的壓力，人們的醫療資源也因武裝衝突受限。銀行、社會福利及交通運輸等主要服務和衛生、水、電與地方行政等基本服務皆受到影響。隨著持續的軍事行動及日益嚴重的危險情勢，供應鏈可能會被長期中斷。因雇員流離失所或無法再進入他們的工作場所，地方當局維持最起碼的服務也受衝擊。

估計，俄烏衝突的擴大將增加數百萬烏克蘭人的人道需求，他們的苦痛也隨之加劇。聯合國人道事務協調廳（UNOCHA）預估，在未來三個月，於烏克蘭境內，可能有多達670萬人流離失所，1800萬人將受波及，1200萬人需人道援助。

大範圍的暴力衝突立刻引發大量人口朝邊境移動。根據聯合國難民署的資料，截至2022年3月6日，已有170多萬難民從烏克蘭逃往波蘭（102.8萬）、匈牙利（18萬）、斯洛伐克（12.8萬）、摩爾多瓦（8.3萬）、羅馬尼亞（7.9萬）、俄羅斯（5.3萬）以及其他歐洲國家（18.4萬）。據報導指出，聯合國難民署正計畫在未來幾周接納多達400萬名難民，預期會成為本世紀歐洲最大的難民危機。根據聯合國難民署的資料顯示，2月18日至23日期間，已有9.6萬人從頓內次克與盧干斯卡地區遷往俄羅斯。

教會共同行動聯盟（ACT）會員：匈牙利跨教派救援組織、HEKS/EPER、世界信義宗聯盟與歐洲論壇會回應協助烏克蘭、匈牙利、羅馬尼亞、波蘭和斯洛伐克等國，呼籲捐贈預算為21,532,853美元。

資料來源：actalliance.org

Ukraine: Emergency response for communities affected by Ukraine conflict UKR221

After a slow build up, the Russian Federation launched a military offensive in Ukraine on 24th February 2022 resulting in severe deterioration of the security situation.Armed violence quickly escalated in at least eight oblasts including the capital city of Kyiv, as well as in the eastern oblasts Donetska and Luhanska which were already affected by conflict.

The intense military escalation has resulted in loss of life, injuries and mass movement of the civilian population throughout the country and to neighbouring countries, as well as severe destruction and damage to infrastructure and residential housing. Martial law has been invoked allowing authorities to impose restrictions on movement; male Ukrainians 16 – 80 are prevented from leaving the country. All civil defence, civilian protection bodies and law enforcement entities are engaged in active armed conflict.

Public service provision – water, electricity, heating and emergency health and social services – is under severe pressure, and people’s access to health care is limited by insecurity. Primary services such as banking, social transfers and transport have been impacted, as have basic services, such as health, water, electricity and local administration. With the continuation of the military operation and mounting insecurity, supply chains are likely to be disrupted for a prolonged period. The ability of local authorities to sustain a minimum level of services has also been severely hampered, as employees have been displaced or can no longer access their workplace.

The expansion of the conflict is projected to deepen and expand humanitarian needs among millions of Ukrainians and exacerbate human suffering. UNOCHA estimates that over the course of the next three months, up to 6.7 million persons may be displaced inside Ukraine, it is projected 18 million people will be affected and 12 million people are expected to need humanitarian assistance.

The extensive violence immediately sparked a massive movement of people towards the borders. By 6th March 2022, more than 1.7 million refugees have fled Ukraine to neighbouring countries of Poland (1,028,000), Hungary (180,000) Slovakia (128,000), Moldova (83,000) Romania (79,000), the Russian Federation (53,000) and other European countries (184,000), according to UNHCR data. It has been reported that UNHCR is planning for up to 4 million refugees in the coming weeks. At this rate, the situation is set to become Europe’s largest refugee crisis of this century.According to UNHCR, an additional 96,000 people moved to the Russian Federation from the Donetsk and Luhansk regions between 18 and 23 February.

ACT members Hungarian Interchurch Aid, HEKS/EPER, Lutheran World Federation and the Europe forum will be responding in Ukraine, Hungary, Romania, Poland, and Slovakia with an appeal budget of USD21.532.853

Ukraine conflictUKR221